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# dialects/mysql/pymysql.py
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# Copyright (C) 2005-2025 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
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# <see AUTHORS file>
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#
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# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
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# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
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# mypy: ignore-errors
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r"""
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.. dialect:: mysql+pymysql
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:name: PyMySQL
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:dbapi: pymysql
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:connectstring: mysql+pymysql://<username>:<password>@<host>/<dbname>[?<options>]
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:url: https://pymysql.readthedocs.io/
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Unicode
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-------
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Please see :ref:`mysql_unicode` for current recommendations on unicode
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handling.
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.. _pymysql_ssl:
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SSL Connections
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------------------
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The PyMySQL DBAPI accepts the same SSL arguments as that of MySQLdb,
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described at :ref:`mysqldb_ssl`. See that section for additional examples.
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If the server uses an automatically-generated certificate that is self-signed
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or does not match the host name (as seen from the client), it may also be
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necessary to indicate ``ssl_check_hostname=false`` in PyMySQL::
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connection_uri = (
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"mysql+pymysql://scott:tiger@192.168.0.134/test"
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"?ssl_ca=/home/gord/client-ssl/ca.pem"
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"&ssl_cert=/home/gord/client-ssl/client-cert.pem"
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"&ssl_key=/home/gord/client-ssl/client-key.pem"
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"&ssl_check_hostname=false"
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)
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MySQL-Python Compatibility
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--------------------------
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The pymysql DBAPI is a pure Python port of the MySQL-python (MySQLdb) driver,
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and targets 100% compatibility. Most behavioral notes for MySQL-python apply
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to the pymysql driver as well.
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""" # noqa
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from .mysqldb import MySQLDialect_mysqldb
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from ...util import langhelpers
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class MySQLDialect_pymysql(MySQLDialect_mysqldb):
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driver = "pymysql"
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supports_statement_cache = True
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description_encoding = None
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@langhelpers.memoized_property
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def supports_server_side_cursors(self):
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try:
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cursors = __import__("pymysql.cursors").cursors
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self._sscursor = cursors.SSCursor
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return True
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except (ImportError, AttributeError):
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return False
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@classmethod
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def import_dbapi(cls):
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return __import__("pymysql")
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@langhelpers.memoized_property
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def _send_false_to_ping(self):
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"""determine if pymysql has deprecated, changed the default of,
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or removed the 'reconnect' argument of connection.ping().
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See #10492 and
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https://github.com/PyMySQL/mysqlclient/discussions/651#discussioncomment-7308971
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for background.
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""" # noqa: E501
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try:
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Connection = __import__(
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"pymysql.connections"
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).connections.Connection
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except (ImportError, AttributeError):
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return True
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else:
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insp = langhelpers.get_callable_argspec(Connection.ping)
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try:
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reconnect_arg = insp.args[1]
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except IndexError:
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return False
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else:
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return reconnect_arg == "reconnect" and (
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not insp.defaults or insp.defaults[0] is not False
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)
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def do_ping(self, dbapi_connection):
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if self._send_false_to_ping:
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dbapi_connection.ping(False)
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else:
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dbapi_connection.ping()
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return True
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def create_connect_args(self, url, _translate_args=None):
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if _translate_args is None:
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_translate_args = dict(username="user")
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return super().create_connect_args(
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url, _translate_args=_translate_args
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)
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def is_disconnect(self, e, connection, cursor):
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if super().is_disconnect(e, connection, cursor):
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return True
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elif isinstance(e, self.dbapi.Error):
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str_e = str(e).lower()
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return (
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"already closed" in str_e or "connection was killed" in str_e
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)
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else:
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return False
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def _extract_error_code(self, exception):
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if isinstance(exception.args[0], Exception):
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exception = exception.args[0]
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return exception.args[0]
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dialect = MySQLDialect_pymysql
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