aitbc/docs/apps/infrastructure/multi-region-load-balancer.md

Multi-Region Load Balancer

Status

✅ Operational

Overview

Load balancing service for distributing traffic across multiple regions and ensuring high availability and optimal performance.

Architecture

Core Components

• Load Balancer: Distributes traffic across regions
• Health Checker: Monitors regional health status
• Traffic Router: Routes traffic based on load and latency
• Failover Manager: Handles failover between regions
• Configuration Manager: Manages load balancing rules

Quick Start (End Users)

Prerequisites

• Python 3.13+
• Multiple regional endpoints
• DNS configuration for load balancing

Installation

cd /opt/aitbc/apps/multi-region-load-balancer
.venv/bin/pip install -r requirements.txt

Configuration

Set environment variables in .env:

REGIONAL_ENDPOINTS=us-east:https://us.example.com,eu-west:https://eu.example.com
LOAD_BALANCING_STRATEGY=round_robin|least_latency|weighted
HEALTH_CHECK_INTERVAL=30
FAILOVER_ENABLED=true

Running the Service

.venv/bin/python main.py

Developer Guide

Development Setup

1. Clone the repository
2. Create virtual environment: python -m venv .venv
3. Install dependencies: pip install -r requirements.txt
4. Configure regional endpoints
5. Run tests: pytest tests/

Project Structure

multi-region-load-balancer/
├── src/
│   ├── load_balancer/        # Load balancing logic
│   ├── health_checker/       # Regional health monitoring
│   ├── traffic_router/       # Traffic routing
│   ├── failover_manager/     # Failover management
│   └── config_manager/       # Configuration management
├── tests/                    # Test suite
└── pyproject.toml            # Project configuration

Testing

# Run all tests
pytest tests/

# Run load balancer tests
pytest tests/test_load_balancer.py

# Run failover tests
pytest tests/test_failover.py

API Reference

Load Balancing

Get Load Balancer Status

GET /api/v1/lb/status

Configure Load Balancing Strategy

PUT /api/v1/lb/strategy
Content-Type: application/json

{
  "strategy": "round_robin|least_latency|weighted",
  "parameters": {}
}

Get Regional Status

GET /api/v1/lb/regions

Health Checks

Run Health Check

POST /api/v1/lb/health/check
Content-Type: application/json

{
  "region": "us-east"
}

Get Health History

GET /api/v1/lb/health/history?region=us-east

Failover

Trigger Manual Failover

POST /api/v1/lb/failover/trigger
Content-Type: application/json

{
  "from_region": "us-east",
  "to_region": "eu-west"
}

Get Failover Status

GET /api/v1/lb/failover/status

Configuration

Add Regional Endpoint

POST /api/v1/lb/regions
Content-Type: application/json

{
  "region": "us-west",
  "endpoint": "https://us-west.example.com",
  "weight": 1.0
}

Remove Regional Endpoint

DELETE /api/v1/lb/regions/{region}

Configuration

Environment Variables

• REGIONAL_ENDPOINTS: Comma-separated regional endpoints
• LOAD_BALANCING_STRATEGY: Strategy for load distribution
• HEALTH_CHECK_INTERVAL: Interval for health checks (default: 30s)
• FAILOVER_ENABLED: Enable automatic failover
• FAILOVER_THRESHOLD: Threshold for triggering failover

Load Balancing Strategies

• Round Robin: Distributes traffic evenly across regions
• Least Latency: Routes to region with lowest latency
• Weighted: Uses configured weights for distribution

Health Check Parameters

• Check Interval: Frequency of health checks
• Timeout: Timeout for health check responses
• Failure Threshold: Number of failures before marking region down

Troubleshooting

Load balancing not working: Verify regional endpoints and strategy configuration.

Failover not triggering: Check health check configuration and thresholds.

High latency: Review regional health and network connectivity.

Uneven distribution: Check weights and load balancing strategy.

Security Notes

• Use TLS for all regional connections
• Implement authentication for load balancer API
• Monitor for DDoS attacks
• Regularly review regional access
• Implement rate limiting